@article {Fortes2014,
	title = {Integrated technological-economic modeling platform for energy and climate policy analysis},
	journal = {Energy},
	volume = {73},
	year = {2014},
	note = {<p>n/a</p>
},
	pages = {716{\textendash}730},
	publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
	abstract = {<p>CGE (computable general equilibrium) and bottom-up models each have unique strengths and weakness in evaluating energy and climate policies. This paper describes the development of an integrated technological, economic modeling platform (HYBTEP), built through the soft-link between the bottom-up TIMES (The Integrated MARKAL-EFOM system) and the CGE GEM-E3 models. HYBTEP combines cost minimizing energy technology choices with macroeconomic responses, which is essential for energy-climate policy assessment. HYBTEP advances on other hybrid tools by assuming {\textquoteright}full-form{\textquoteright} models, integrating detailed and extensive technology data with disaggregated economic structure, and {\textquoteright}full-link{\textquoteright}, i.e., covering all economic sectors. Using Portugal as a case study, we examine three scenarios: (i) the current energy-climate policy, (ii) a CO2 tax, and (iii) renewable energy subsidy, with the objective of assessing the advantages of HYBTEP vis-{\`a}-vis bottom-up approach. Results show that the economic framework in HYBTEP partially offsets the increase or decrease in energy costs from the policy scenarios, while TIMES is very sensitive to energy services-price elasticities, setting a wide range of results. HYBTEP allows the computation of the economic impacts of policies in a technological detailed environment. The hybrid platform increases transparency of policy analysis by making explicit the mechanisms through which energy demand evolves, resulting in high confidence for decision-making. {\textcopyright} 2014 Elsevier Ltd.</p>
},
	keywords = {Bottom-up, Energy-climate policy, Hybrid modeling, Top-down},
	issn = {03605442},
	url = {doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.06.075},
	author = {Fortes, Patricia and Rui Pereira and Pereira, Alfredo and J{\'u}lia Seixas}
}
