@article {RN15,
	title = {A value-added exopolysaccharide as a coating agent for MRI nanoprobes},
	journal = {Nanoscale},
	volume = {7},
	number = {34},
	year = {2015},
	note = {n/a},
	pages = {14272-83},
	type = {Journal Article},
	abstract = {<p>Fucopol, a fucose-containing exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by the bacterium Enterobacter A47 DSM 23139 using glycerol as a carbon source, was employed as a new coating material for iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The coated particles were assessed as nanoprobes for cell labeling by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The MNPs were synthesized by a thermal decomposition method and transferred to an aqueous medium by a ligand-exchange reaction with meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). Covalent binding of EPS to DMSA-stabilized nanoparticles (MNP-DMSA) resulted in a hybrid magnetic-biopolymeric nanosystem (MNP-DMSA-EPS) with a hydrodynamic size of 170 nm, a negative surface charge under physiological conditions and transverse to longitudinal relaxivity ratio, r2/r1, of 148. In vitro studies with two human cell lines (colorectal carcinoma - HCT116 - and neural stem/progenitor cells - ReNcell VM) showed that EPS promotes internalization of nanoparticles in both cell lines. In vitro MRI cell phantoms showed a superior performance of MNP-DMSA-EPS in ReNcell VM, for which the iron dose-dependent MRI signal drop was obtained at relatively low iron concentrations (12-20 mug Fe per ml) and short incubation times. Furthermore, ReNcell VM multipotency was not affected by culture in the presence of MNP-DMSA or MNP-DMSA-EPS for 14 days. Our study suggests that Fucopol-coated MNPs represent useful cell labeling nanoprobes for MRI.</p>
},
	issn = {2040-3372 (Electronic) 2040-3364 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1039/c5nr01979f},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26186402},
	author = {Palma, S. I. and Rodrigues, C. A. and Carvalho, A. and Morales Mdel, P. and Freitas, F and Fernandes, A. R. and Cabral, J. M. and Roque, A C}
}
