@booklet {RePEc:pra:mprapa:6426,
	title = {{Improving Distributed Intelligence in Complex Innovation Systems}},
	number = {6426},
	year = {1999},
	note = {n/a},
	month = {Jun},
	publisher = {University Library of Munich, Germany},
	type = {MPRA Paper},
	abstract = {<p>Science and technology (S\&amp;T) are considered to be a central source, or at least a basic medium, of societal and industrial innovation, while innovation is conceived to basically feed the regeneration of our welfare. The suppliers of S\&amp;T in Europe as well as the users of their {\quotedblbase}products{\textquotedblleft}, are confronted with a number of challenges today. We want to stress here that it was not the primary goal of our Advanced Science \&amp; Technology Policy Planning (ASTPP) Network to come up with proposals how the strategic character of European S\&amp;T policies could be strengthened. The ASTPP-network instead focuses on one aspect: the provision of strategic intelligence necessary to identify and develop strategic choices. The underlying hypothesis is that the existing body of experiences with technology foresight, technology assessment and S/T policy evaluation provides a basis for the development of an advanced S\&amp;T policy {\quotedblbase}planning{\textquotedblleft} approach by trying to enhance, interlink or even integrate the growing, but still dispersed experience in these three areas of intelligence. By {\quotedblbase}intelligent{\textquotedblleft} we mean that the inter-relatedness of S\&amp;T, industrial efforts, societal needs and political interventions becomes more transparent so that interactive collaboration between them will be facilitated.</p>
},
	keywords = {assessment, evaluation, innovation, technology foresight, technology policy},
	url = {http://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/6426.html},
	author = {Kuhlmann, Stefan and Boekholt, Patries and Georghiou, Luke and Guy, Ken and Heraud, Jean-Alain and Laredo, Philippe and Lemola, Tarmo and Loveridge, Denis and Luukkonen, Terttu and Ant{\'o}nio Moniz and Polt, Wolfgang and Rip}
}
